DBMS Architecture 1-level,2-level and 3-level(1tier,2tier,3tier architecture)
The architecture of a database management system (DBMS) refers to the overall design and structure of the system and how it stores, retrieves, and manages data. A DBMS typically consists of the following components:
1) Data storage:
This is where the actual data is stored in the form of tables, rows, and columns. The data storage component is usually implemented using specialized data structures and algorithms to optimize data storage and retrieval.
2) Data manipulation language:
This is the interface through which users and applications can interact with the data stored in the database. A DBMS typically provides a specialized language called SQL (Structured Query Language) for this purpose.
3) Query processor:
This is the component that processes queries and commands issued by users or applications. It parses the query, optimizes it for efficient execution, and then retrieves the requested data or performs the requested operation.
4) Data dictionary:
This is a special database that stores metadata (data about the data) such as the structure of the tables in the database, the data types of each field, and any constraints or rules that apply to the data. The data dictionary is used by the DBMS to validate and execute queries and commands.
5) Transaction management:
This is the component that ensures the integrity and consistency of the data in the database. It handles transactions (a unit of work that is either completed in its entirety or not at all) and implements concurrency control to prevent conflicts when multiple users are accessing and modifying the data simultaneously.
6) Data backup and recovery:
This is the component that is responsible for creating backups of the data in the database and for recovering the data in the event of a failure or data loss.
7) User management:
This is the component that is responsible for authenticating and authorizing users and applications that want to access the database. It also manages the permissions and access rights of each user or application.
3-tier Architecture of DBMS
1-tier architecture:
In a 1-tier architecture, the database management system (DBMS) and the user interface are installed on the same computer. This is the simplest form of DBMS architecture and is often used in small systems where the user interface and the DBMS are used by the same person.
2-tier architecture:
In a 2-tier architecture, the DBMS and the user interface are installed on separate computers. The user interface communicates with the DBMS over a network, typically using a client/server model. This allows multiple users to access the database simultaneously.
3-tier architecture:
In a 3-tier architecture, the DBMS is installed on a separate server, and the user interface is installed on a separate client computer. The client communicates with the server through an application server, which acts as an intermediary between the client and the DBMS. This architecture provides more flexibility and scalability than the other two architectures, as the application server can handle the communication and data processing tasks, leaving the DBMS free to focus on data storage and retrieval.
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Created by-- HARSH CHAUHAN
